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1 molestia
molestia ae, f [molestus], trouble, irksomeness, uneasiness, annoyance, molestation, vexation, distress: sine molestiā tuā, without trouble to yourself: molestiam exhibere, cause: fasces habent molestiam, cause: ex pernicie rei p. molestiam trahere, feel troubled: capere, be vexed: mihi epistula hoc adspersit molestiae, gave occasion: mihi demere molestiam, T.—Of speech, stiffness, affectation: diligens elegantia sine molestiā: si nihil habere molestiarum Atticorum est.* * *trouble, annoyance -
2 molestia
mŏlestĭa, ae, f. [molestus], trouble, troublesomeness, irksomeness, uneasiness, annoyance, molestation, vexation, disgust, dislike, etc. (class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.sine molestiā,
Cato, R. R. 154; cf.:sine molestiā tuā,
without trouble to yourself, Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 2:molestiam exhibere,
to cause, id. ib. 12, 30, 1:habeo etiam illam molestiam, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 16, 12, 5:fasces habent molestiam,
produce, cause, id. Att. 8, 3, 6:ex pernicie rei publicae molestiam trahere,
to feel troubled, id. Fam. 4, 3, 1:capere,
to be vexed, annoyed, id. Sull. 1, 1:alicui aspergere,
to give, occasion, id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2:afferre,
Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 9:demere,
id. Ad. 5, 3, 33:molestiis se laxare,
Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3:navigandi,
Suet. Calig. 23.—In partic., of speech, stiffness, affectation:II.diligens elegantia sine molestiā,
Cic. Brut. 38, 143:si nihil habere molestiarum Atticorum est,
id. ib. 91, 315.—Transf., concr., that which causes trouble, an annoyance:sermones ne et hic viris sint et domi molestiae,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 35;of spots or blotches on the face: molestiae in facie,
Plin. 28, 8, 28, § 109. -
3 circum-fundō
circum-fundō fūdī, fūsus, ere, to pour around: mare circumfusum urbi, flowing around, L.: gens circumfusis invia fluminibus, O.: circumfuso in aere, circumambient, O.: circumfusa nubes, V.— To surround, encompass, cover, envelop: terram circumfundit aër: (mortuum) cerā, N.: terra circumfusa mari, encompassed by.—In tmesis: circum dea fudit amictu, V.—Pass. or reflex., of a throng, to press, crowd around, throng, surround, cling: a tergo se, L.: circumfunduntur hostes, Cs.: equites ab lateribus circumfusi, L.: hostes undique circumfusi erant, S.: (Nymphae) circumfusae Dianam Corporibus texere suis, surrounding, O.: circumfusa turba lateri meo, L.: circumfundit eques (sc. se), Ta. — Poet.: iuveni circumfunditur, i. e. clings to him, O.—Fig.: undique circumfusae molestiae: periculum, ab circumfusis undique voluptatibus, L. — To enclose, environ, surround, overwhelm: circumfusus praesidiorum copiis: circumfusus hostium concursu, N. — Fig.: circumfusi caligine. -
4 diūturnus
diūturnus (diu-, O.), adj. with comp. [diu], of long duration, lasting, long: usus: pax: quies, S.: labor: non potes esse diuturnus, i. e. your power. —Comp.: molestiae, of longer duration: Hic vellem diuturnior esset, longer-lived, O.* * *diuturna -um, diuturnior -or -us, diuturnissimus -a -um ADJlasting, lasting long -
5 līberātiō
līberātiō ōnis, f [libero], a freeing, releasing, release, liberation: omnis molestiae: libidinosissimae liberationes, acquittals.* * *liberation/setting free, release/deliverance (from) (debt); acquittal/discharge -
6 tantus
tantus adj. [1 TA-].—Followed by a clause of comparison, of such size, of such a measure, so great, such: nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est: quanta cuiusque animo audacia naturā inest, tanta in bello patere solet, S.: tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset, N.: maria aspera iuro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc., V.—With ellips. of comparative clause, so great, so very great, so important: neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus studiis: ne tantae nationes coniungantur, Cs.: quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem.—Followed by a clause of result, so great, such: tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc., Cs.: non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.: nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit.—As subst n., so much, so many: habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palestrae: tantum hostium intra muros est, L.— Colloq.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more: Tantumne est? Ba. tantum, T.—In genit. of price, of such value, worth so much: frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit: Ubi me dixero dare tanti, T.: tanti eius apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc., was of such weight, Cs.—In abl. of difference, by so much, so much the: quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae ad Caesarem mittebantur, Cs.: reperietis quinquiens tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.: si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset: post tanto, V.: tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quanto populus R. antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes, N. — Colloq.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! Ph.: tanto nequior! so much the worse! T.—Praegn., of such a quantity, such, so small, so slight, so trivial: ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis vix contenti esse possimus.—As subst n., so little, so small a number: praesidi tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit, Cs.—In genit. of price, of little account, not so important: est mihi tanti, Quirites, huius invidiae tempestatem subire, i. e. it is a trifle to me: sunt o sunt iurgia tanti, i. e. are not too much to undergo, O.* * *tanta, tantum ADJof such size; so great, so muchtantus... quantus -- as much... as
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7 vacuitās
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8 adfero
af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.I.In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.A.Lit.:B.lumen,
Enn. Ann. 1, 40:viginti minas,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:tandem bruma nives adfert,
Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:adfer huc scyphos,
Hor. Epod. 9, 33:nuces,
Juv. 5, 144:cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,
Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:pauxillum aquae,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:caput ejus,
ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,
Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,
Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):huc me adfero,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,
Verg. A. 8, 477:sese a moenibus,
id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:urbem adferimur,
are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,
id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):adfer manum tuam,
reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.(α).In bon. part.:(β).pacem ad vos adfero,
Plaut. Am. prol. 32:hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,
i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,
id. ib. 3, 12, 45:non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,
id. Mur. 2, 4:consulatum in familiam,
id. Phil. 9, 2:animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,
id. Att. 12, 38:tibi benedictionem,
Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:Domino gloriam,
ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—In mal. part.:II.bellum in patriam,
Ov. M. 12, 5:nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,
to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:adferam super eos mala,
Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?
id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,
id. Quint. 27:intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,
id. Caecin. 17:qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,
id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:bonis alienis,
id. Off. 2, 15:manus suis vulneribus,
to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,
to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —Esp.A.To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;B.in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 9:istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,
id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,
id. Off. 1, 43, 154:nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,
id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,
id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,
Nep. 3, 3:haud vana adtulere,
Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,
id. 8, 17 Drak.:per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,
word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,
Tac. H. 1, 76:esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,
Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:scelus adtulit umbris,
Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:C.aegritudinem alicui,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:alicui molestiam,
id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,
Cic. Mur. 1:alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,
id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,
id. Phil. 12, 7:metum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:dolorem,
id. Sull. 1:luctum et egestatem,
id. Rosc. Am. 5:consolationem,
id. Att. 10, 4:delectationem,
id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:detrimentum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 82:taedium,
Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:dolorem capitis,
id. 23, 1, 18:gaudium,
Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:D.quam causam adferam?
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:justas causas adfers,
Cic. Att. 11, 15;also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,
id. Caecin. 29, 85:ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,
id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?
i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?
will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):et, cur credam, adferre possum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:E.quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,
Cic. Off. 1, 1:negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,
id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,
id. Off. 1, 44, 155:illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,
id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,
id. N. D. 2, 63.—Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 15:herbam adferentem semen,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:arva non adferent cibum,
ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:ager fructum,
ib. Luc. 12, 16 al. -
9 affero
af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.I.In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.A.Lit.:B.lumen,
Enn. Ann. 1, 40:viginti minas,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:tandem bruma nives adfert,
Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:adfer huc scyphos,
Hor. Epod. 9, 33:nuces,
Juv. 5, 144:cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,
Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:pauxillum aquae,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:caput ejus,
ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,
Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,
Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):huc me adfero,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,
Verg. A. 8, 477:sese a moenibus,
id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:urbem adferimur,
are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,
id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):adfer manum tuam,
reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.(α).In bon. part.:(β).pacem ad vos adfero,
Plaut. Am. prol. 32:hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,
i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,
id. ib. 3, 12, 45:non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,
id. Mur. 2, 4:consulatum in familiam,
id. Phil. 9, 2:animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,
id. Att. 12, 38:tibi benedictionem,
Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:Domino gloriam,
ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—In mal. part.:II.bellum in patriam,
Ov. M. 12, 5:nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,
to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:adferam super eos mala,
Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?
id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,
id. Quint. 27:intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,
id. Caecin. 17:qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,
id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:bonis alienis,
id. Off. 2, 15:manus suis vulneribus,
to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,
to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —Esp.A.To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;B.in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 9:istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,
id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,
id. Off. 1, 43, 154:nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,
id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,
id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,
Nep. 3, 3:haud vana adtulere,
Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,
id. 8, 17 Drak.:per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,
word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,
Tac. H. 1, 76:esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,
Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:scelus adtulit umbris,
Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:C.aegritudinem alicui,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:alicui molestiam,
id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,
Cic. Mur. 1:alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,
id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,
id. Phil. 12, 7:metum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:dolorem,
id. Sull. 1:luctum et egestatem,
id. Rosc. Am. 5:consolationem,
id. Att. 10, 4:delectationem,
id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:detrimentum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 82:taedium,
Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:dolorem capitis,
id. 23, 1, 18:gaudium,
Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:D.quam causam adferam?
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:justas causas adfers,
Cic. Att. 11, 15;also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,
id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,
id. Caecin. 29, 85:ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,
id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?
i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?
will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):et, cur credam, adferre possum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:E.quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,
Cic. Off. 1, 1:negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,
id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,
id. Off. 1, 44, 155:illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,
id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,
id. N. D. 2, 63.—Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 15:herbam adferentem semen,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:arva non adferent cibum,
ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:ager fructum,
ib. Luc. 12, 16 al. -
10 censeo
1.cēnseo (on the long e, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 257 sq.), ui, censum (late Lat. censitum, Cod. Just. 11, 47 tit.; 11, 49 tit.; 11, 47, 4 al.; but not in Monum. Ancyr.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 557), 2, v. a. [etym. dub.; often referred to root cas-, whence carmen, camoenus; but prob. from centum, orig. centere, to hundred or number the people; cf. Fischer, Gram. 1, p. 373].I. A.In reference to the census (v. census).1.Of the censor (v. censor).(α).Rarely act. with acc. of the persons or objects assessed or rated; but usu. pass., with subj. -nom.:(β).censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias, pecuniasque censento,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 30:censor ad quojus censionem, id est arbitrium, populus censeretur,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Mull.:census... indicat eum qui sit census se jam tum gessisse pro cive,
Cic. Arch. 5, 11: absentis censere jubere, P. Scipio ap. Gell. 5, 19, 16: ne absens censeare. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8:sub lustrum censeri,
id. ib.:milia octoginta eo lustro civium censa dicuntur,
Liv. 1, 44, 2:censa civium capita centum septendecim milia trecenta undeviginti,
id. 3, 24, 10; id. Epit. lib. 11; 13; 14:censebantur ejus aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum,
id. 9, 19, 2:cum capitum liberorum censa essent CLII. milia,
Plin. 33, 1, 5, § 16: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si... id obtinere universi non possint? Liv 7, 18, 5.—With the amount at which the property was rated, in the acc.: or abl.:(γ).praesertim census equestrem Summam nummorum,
being assessed with the estate necessary to a Roman knight, Hor. A. P. 383:primae classis homines quicentum et viginti quinque milia aeris ampliusve censi erant... Ceterarumque omnium classium qui minore summa aeris censebantur,
Gell. 7 (6), 13, 1 sq.—Hence, capite censi, those who were assessed ac cording to their ability to labor: qui nullo [p. 312] aut perquam parvo aere censebantur capite censi vocabantur. Extremus autem census capite censorum aeris fuit trecentis septuaginta quinque, Jul. Paul. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 10; Sall. J. 86, 2; Gell. 16, 10, 11; 16, 10, 14; Val. Max. 2, 3, 1; 7, 6, 1;and in the finite verb: omnia illius (i. e. sapientis) esse dicimus, cum... capite censebitur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 1. —Absol. in gerund.: censendi, censendo, ad censendum = census agendi, censui agendo, etc.: haec frequentia quae convenit ludorum censendique causa (i.e. census agendi causa, for the sake of the census), Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54:(δ).mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem operosam... suo proprio magistratu egere... cui arbitrium formulae censendi subiceretur,
the scheme for taking the census, Liv. 4, 8, 4:quia is censendo finis factus est,
id. 1, 44, 2:civis Romanos ad censendum ex provinciis in Italiam revocarunt,
Vell. 2, 15:aetatem in censendo significare necesse est... aetas autem spectatur censendi tempore,
Dig. 50, 15, 3.—Censum censere = censum agere, only in the gerundial dat.:2.illud quaero, sintne illa praedia censui censendo, habeant jus civile,
are they subject to the census, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: censores... edixerunt, legem censui censendo dicturos esse ut, etc., that he would add a rule for the taking of the census, according to which, etc., Liv. 43, 14, 5: censui censendo agri proprie appellantur qui et emi et venire jure civili possunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 5 Mull.—Of the assessment of the provinces under provincial officers (censores, and, under the later emperors, censitores).(α).Pass., with the territory as subject-nom.: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur;(β).erat censa praetore Paeducaeo... quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, censa denuo est,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:omne territorium censeatur quoties, etc.,
Cod. Just. 11, 58 (57), 4.—The persons assessed as subject:(γ).ubi (coloni) censiti atque educati natique sunt,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 6:quos in locis eisdem censitos esse constabit,
ib. 11, 48 (47), 4.—With part. as attribute:rusticos censitosque servos vendi,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7.—To determine by the census:(δ).cum antea per singulos viros, per binas vero mulieres capitis norma sit censa,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 10:nisi forte privilegio aliquo materna origo censeatur,
Dig. 50, 1, 1, § 2.—Act. with acc.:3. (α).vos terras vestras levari censitione vultis, ego vero etiam aerem vestrum censere vellem,
Spart. Pescen. Nig. 7.—Act. with acc.:(β).in qua tribu ista praedia censuisti?
Cic. Fl. 32, 80.—Censeri, as dep. with acc.:4.census es praeterea numeratae pecuniae CXXX. Census es mancipia Amyntae... Cum te audisset servos suos esse censum, constabat inter omnes, si aliena censendo Decianus sua facere posset, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 32, 80; cf. Ov. P. 1, 2, 140; v. B. 2. c.—Hence, subst.: cēnsum, i, n.: quorum luxuries fortunata censa peperit, i.e. high estimates of property in the census, Cic. ap. Non. 202, 23 (Fragm. vol. xi. p. 134 B. and K.).B. 1.By a figure directly referring to the Roman census: aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus Censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, will be rated by an equal census, i.e. in the same class, without considering their property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 93: vos qui potestis ope vostra censerier, referring to a part of the audience, you, who may be rated according to your intelligence, analog. to capite censi (v. I. A. 1. b), id. Capt. prol. 15:2.nam argumentum hoc hic censebitur,
will be rated, its census-class will be determined here, id. Poen. prol. 56: id in quoque optimum esse debet cui nascitur, quo censetur, according to which he is rated, i.e. his worth is determined, Sen. Ep. 76, 8.—And with two acc.: quintus Phosphorus, Junonia, immo Veneris stella censetur, is ranked as the fifth, App. de Mundo, p. 710.—With direct reference to the census.a. (α).With gen. of price:(β).dic ergo quanti censes?
Plaut. Rud. 4, 8, 8.—In the pass.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, utrum tandem pluris aestimemus pecuniam Pyrrhi? etc., if we have to weigh and estimate a thing, etc., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48:b.anule... In quo censendum nil nisi dantis amor,
Ov. Am. 2, 15, 2:interim autem facta sola censenda dicit atque in judicium vocanda,
Gell. 7 (6), 3, 47.—= honorari, celebrari, with de aliquo, = for the sake of somebody (in Ovid):c.pro quibus ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, Comprecor, etc.,
the friend for the sake of whom you are celebrated, who is the cause of your renown, Ov. P. 2, 5, 73:hoc domui debes de qua censeris,
id. ib. 3, 1, 75.—Censeri, dep., = to distinguish, with acc. only once or twice in Ovid (v. I. A. 3. b):d.hanc semper... Est inter comites Marcia censa suas,
has always distinguished her, Ov. P. 1, 2, 140.—Censeri aliqua re.(α).= to be appreciated, distinguished, celebrated for some quality, as if the quality were a standard determining the census, analog. to capite censeri (v. I. A. 1. b), very freq. in post-class. writings:(β).Democritus cum divitiis censeri posset,
when he might have been celebrated for his wealth, Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 4:Aristides quo totius Graeciae justitia censetur (quo = cujus justitia),
id. 5, 3, ext. 3 med.: te custode matronalis stola censetur ( = tua, i.e. pudicitiae, custodia), the stola, etc., is appreciated for thy custody, id. 6, 1 prooem.:una adhuc victoria Carius Metius censebatur,
Tac. Agr. 45:ut ipsi quoque qui egerunt non aliis magis orationibus censeantur,
id. Dial. 39 fin.: non vitibus tantum censeri Chium, sed et operibus Anthermi filiorum, is celebrated not only for its grapes, but, etc., Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12:et Galliae censentur hoc reditu,
id. 19, 1, 2, § 7:quisquis paulo vetustior miles, hic te commilitone censetur,
is distinguished for the fact that you were his fellow-soldier, Plin. Pan. 15 fin.:multiplici variaque doctrina censebatur,
Suet. Gram. 10:felix quae tali censetur munere tellus,
Mart. 9, 16, 5: censetur Apona Livio suo tellus, = for the fact that Livy was born there, id. 1, 61, 3:hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,
for the fact that Nestor used them, id. 8, 6, 9:nec laude virorum censeri contenta fuit (Iberia),
Claud. Laud. Seren. 67:libri mei non alia laude carius censentur, quam quod judicio vestro comprobantur,
App. Flor. 4, 18, 3.—Hence,= to be known by something (Appuleian):(γ).hoc nomine censebatur jam meus dominus,
App. M. 8, p. 171:nomen quo tu censeris aiebat,
id. ib. 5, p. 106: pro studio bibendi quo solo censetur, either known by, or distinguished for, id. Mag. p. 499:globorum caelestium supremum esse eum qui inerrabili meatu censetur,
which is known by its unerring course, id. Phil. Nat. 1, p. 582.— And,As gram. t. t., to be marked by some peculiarity, according to which a word is classified: neque de armis et moeniis infitias eo quin figura multitudinis perpetua censeantur, that they are marked by the form of constant plurality, i. e. that they are pluralia tantum, Gell. 19, 8, 5; 10, 20, 8; 19, 13, 3.II.Of transactions in and by the Senate, to judge (in the meanings II. and III. the passive voice is not in class. use, while in I. the passive voice is by far the most freq.).A.To be of opinion, to propose, to vote, to move, referring to the votes of the senators when asked for their opinions (sententiam dicere).1.With a (passive) inf.-clause, denoting what should be decreed by the Senate (esse usu. omitted): rex his ferme verbis patres consulebat... Dic, inquit ei, quid censes? tum ille Puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo, I am of the opinion ( I move, propose) that satisfaction should be sought, etc., ancient formula ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11 sq.:2.primum igitur acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:hoc autem tempore ita censeo decernendum,
id. ib. 5, 17, 45; 5, 6, 16; 5, 12, 31; 5, 12, 34; 5, 13, 36; 5, 14, 38; 5, 19, 53; 6, 1, 2; 9, 6, 14; 11, 15, 40; 12, 7, 17; 14, 1, 1; 14, 13, 35; cf.Regulus's advice in the Senate, being represented as a vote: captivos in senatu reddendos non censuit,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; 3, 31, 111:quare ita ego censeo... de confessis more majorum supplicium sumendum,
Sall. C. 52, 36; 51, 8; 52, 14:Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat,
Liv. 2, 23, 15:ut multi (senatores) delendam urbem censerent,
id. 9, 26, 3; 2, 29, 7; 3, 40, 13; 10, 12, 1; 34, 4, 20; 38, 54, 6: cum ejus diei senatus consulta aureis litteris figenda in curia censuisset, Tac. A. 3, 57:ut nonnulli dedendum eum hostibus censuerint,
Suet. Caes. 24; so id. ib. 14; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 4; id. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 26; id. Ner. 2; id. Vesp. 2. Of the emperor's vote in the Senate:commutandam censuit vocem, et pro peregrina nostratem requirendam,
Suet. Tib. 71; so id. ib. 34; id. Aug. 55.—And with the copula expressed (very rare):qui censet eos... morte esse multandos,
Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7.—Sometimes referring to sententia as subject:sententia quae censebat reddenda bona (inst. of eorum qui censebant),
Liv. 2, 4, 3.—Sometimes with oportere for the gerundial predic. inf.:quibusdam censentibus (eum) Romulum appellari oportere,
Suet. Aug. 7.—With pres. inf., inst. of a gerundial:hac corona civica L. Gellius in senatu Ciceronem consulem donari a re publica censuit,
Gell. 5, 6, 15 (cf. II. B. 1. b.).—If the opinion of the senator does not refer to the chief question, but to incidental points, the predic. inf. may have any form:eas leges quas M. Antonius tulisse dicitur omnes censeo per vim et contra auspicia latas, eisque legibus populum non teneri,
Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 10:cum magna pars senatus... cum tyrannis bellum gerendum fuisse censerent... et urbem recipi, non capi, etc.,
Liv. 26, 32, 2.—With ut, and negatively, ut ne or ne, generally when the clause has an active predicate, but also with passives instead of the gerundial inf.-clause:3.de ea re ita censeo uti consules designati dent operam uti senatus Kal. Jan. tuto haberi possit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 37:censeo ut iis qui in exercitu Antonii sunt, ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 12, 34:censebant omnes fere (senatores) ut in Italia supplementum meis et Bibuli legionibus scriberetur,
id. Fam. 3, 3, 1:Cn. Pompeius (in senatu) dixit, sese... censere ut ad senatus auctoritatem populi quoque Romani beneficium erga me adjungeretur,
id. Sest. 34, 74:quas ob res ita censeo: eorum qui cum M. Antonio sunt, etc.... iis fraudi ne sit quod cum M. Antonio fuerint,
id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:Calidius, qui censebat ut Pompeius in suas provincias proficisceretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 2:censuerunt quidam (senatores) ut Pannonicus, alii ut Invictus cognominaretur,
Suet. Tib. 17:iterum censente ut Trebianis... concederetur (of the emperor's vote in the Senate),
id. ib. 31.—And an inf.-clause, with neu or ut:sed ita censeo: publicandas eorum pecunias, etc.: neu quis postea de his ad senatum referat, etc.,
Sall. C. 51, 43:qui partem bonorum publicandam, pars ut liberis relinqueretur, censuerat,
Tac. A. 4, 20.—With a subj.-clause, without ut (rare in this connection;4.v. III. C. 3.): K. Fabius censuit... occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent,
Liv. 2, 48, 2.— And ironically with regard to incidental points: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, I propose you should be afraid of having decreed too severe a punishment = of course, you will not be afraid, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13: misereamini censeo—deliquere homines adulescentuli per ambitionem—atque etiam armatos dimittatis, I propose that you pity them, etc., or I advise you to be merciful, Sall. C. 52, 26.—Ellipt., with a gerundial clause understood:5. (α).dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum),
Liv. 1, 32, 11: quod ego mea sententia censebam (i.e. decernendum), Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat,
Sall. C. 53, 1:quas ob res ita censeo... senatui placere, etc. ( = ita decernendum censeo, etc.),
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 15, § 17 sq.; 10, 11, 25 sq.; 11, 12, 29 sq.; 14, 14, 36 sq.—Absol.: Priscus Helvidius.. contra studium ejus (sc. Vitellii) censuerat, had voted, or had expressed an opinion against his wishes, Tac. H. 2, 91:(β).cum parum sit, in senatu breviter censere, nisi, etc.,
id. Dial. 36 fin.:sententias... prout libuisset perrogabat... ac si censendum magis quam adsentiendum esset,
Suet. Aug. 35:igitur Cn. Piso, quo, inquit, loco censebis, Caesar? si primus, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 74.—With adjectives in the neuter, substantively used: nec quoquam reperto (in senatu) qui... referre aut censere aliquid auderet, who dared to express an opinion on any [p. 313] thing, Suet. Caes. 20:(γ).per dissensionem diversa censentium,
of the senators who expressed different opinions, id. Claud. 10.—With interrog. or rel.-clause:B.deinde ageret senatorem et censeret quid corrigi aut mutari vellet,
Tac. A. 16, 28:cum censeat aliquis (in senatu) quod ex parte mihi placeat,
Sen. Ep. 21, 9.Of the decrees or resolutions of the Senate, = decernere, placere, to resolve, decree.1.With inf.-clause.a.With gerund, without copula (v. II. A. 1.):b.eum, cujus supplicio senatus sollennes religiones expiandas saepe censuit,
Cic. Mil. 27, 73:eos senatus non censuit redimendos,
id. Off. 3, 32, 114; so id. N. D. 2, 4, 10; id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:senatus Caelium ab republica removendum censuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 21:senatus censuit frequens coloniam Labicos deducendam,
Liv. 4, 47, 6; 5, 24, 4:cum bello persequendos Tusculanos patres censuissent,
id. 6, 25, 5; 3, 42, 6; 3, 49, 8; 7, 19, 7 et saep.—With pres. inf. pass. or act., with the force of a gerundial:2.de bonis regiis quae reddi antea censuerant ( = reddenda),
Liv. 2, 5, 1:munera mitti legatis ex binis milibus aeris censuerunt (i.e. patres),
id. 43, 5, 8; so id. 45, 44, 15 (v. 2. b.):eundem jus dicere Romae... patres censuerant,
id. 45, 12, 13:cum senatus unum consulem, nominatimque Gnaeum Pompeium fieri censuisset,
Suet. Caes. 26.—With both act. and pass. inf.:censuere patres, duas provincias Hispaniam rursus fieri... et Macedoniam Illyricumque eosdem... obtinere,
Liv. 45, 16, 1.—With both pres. pass. and gerund. inff.:haec ita movere senatum, ut non expectanda comitia consuli censerent, sed dictatorem... dici,
Liv. 27, 5, 14.—And with velle: senatus verbis nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc.,
Sall. J. 21, 4.—With ut or ne.a.In the words of the Senate, according to formula: quod L. Opimius verba fecit de re publica, de ea re ita censuerunt uti L. Opimius consul rem publicam defenderet, etc., ancient S. C. ap. Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 14: quod, etc., de ea re ita censuerunt ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque ut si, etc., S. C. ap. Suet. Rhet. 1; Gell. 15, 4, 1.—And with gerundial inf.-clause: quod C. Julius pontifex... de ea re ita censuerunt, uti M. Antonius consul hostiis majoribus... procuraret... Ibus uti procurasset satis habendum censuerunt, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2.—b.As related by the historians, etc.:3.quoniam senatus censuisset, uti quicunque Galliam provinciam obtineret... Aeduos defenderet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 35:patres censuerunt uti consules provincias inter se compararent,
Liv. 30, 40, 12:senatus censuit ut domus ei... publica impensa restitueretur,
Suet. Claud. 6;so with reference to the civil law,
Dig. 49, 14, 15 quater. —With ne:senatum censuisse, ne quis illo anno genitus educaretur,
Suet. Aug. 94.—And with inf -clause:filio regis Nicomedi ex ea summa munera dari censuerunt, et ut victimae... praeberentur,
Liv. 45, 44, 15.—With a subj.-clause (very rare):4.senatus consulto quo censeretur, darent operam consules, etc.,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 10.—With neutr. acc. pron. in place of a clause:5.cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum),
Cic. Pis. 8, 18:ite in suffragium, et quae patres censuerunt vos jubete,
Liv. 31, 7, 14:quodcunque vos censueritis,
id. 34, 7, 15:quodpatres censuissent,
id. 28, 45, 2.—With accusative of a noun, or a noun as passive subject, to decree or vote a thing (postclass.):6.nec tamen repertum nisi ut effigies principum, aras deum, templa et arcus aliaque solita... censuere,
Tac. A. 3, 57:aram Clementiae, aram Amicitiae, effigiesque... censuere,
id. ib. 4, 74: cum censeretur clipeus auro et magnitudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae ( to be placed among, etc.), id. ib. 2, 83.—With both acc. and dat.(α).The dat. = against:(β).bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus jussit,
Liv. 10, 12, 3.—The dat. = in behalf of:III.censentur Ostorio triumphi insignia,
Tac. A. 12, 38.—And with ut:sententiis eorum qui supplicationes et... vestem Principi triumphalem, utque ovans urbem iniret, effigiesque ejus... censuere,
id. ib. 13, 8.Transf.A.Of the opinions and resolutions of other deliberating bodies, or of their members, to resolve, or to be of opinion.1.With inf.-clause.a.Gerundial:b.erant qui censerent de tertia vigilia in castra Cornelia recedendum (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 2, 30:erant sententiae quae conandum omnibus modis castraque Vari oppugnanda censerent,
id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 31; id. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; 7, 21; 7, 77:pontifices, consules, patres conscripti mihi... pecunia publica aedificandam domum censuerunt,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn (in a literary meeting), id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:cum... pontifices solvendum religione populum censerent,
Liv. 5, 23, 9:nunc has ruinas relinquendas non censerem (in an assembly of the people),
id. 5, 53, 3:ego ita censeo, legatos extemplo Romam mittendos (in the Carthaginian Senate),
id. 21, 10, 13:ante omnia Philippum et Macedonas in societatem belli... censeo deducendos esse (Hannibal in a council of war),
id. 36, 7, 3; 5, 36, 8; Curt. 10, 6, 22; 10, 8, 12:cum septem judices cognovissent, duo censuerunt, reum exilio multandum, duo alii pecunia, tres reliqui capite puniendum,
Gell. 9, 15, 7.—And with oportere inst. of a gerundial clause (referring to duty):neque sine gravi causa eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 44.—With opus esse ( = expediency):Parmenio furto, non proelio opus esse censebat,
Curt. 10, 8, 12.—With ordinary pres. inf.(α).In place of a gerundial:(β).Antenor censet belli praecidere = praecidendam causam (in a council of war),
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 9.—Denoting opinion about an existing state:2.Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram... ignaram adhuc Romanorum esse, eoque Carthaginiensibus satis fidam censebat,
Liv. 27, 20, 6:Parmenio non alium locum proelio aptiorem esse censebat,
Curt. 3, 7, 8.—With ut or ne:3.censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse et iter reliquum conficere pergas (in a literary meeting),
Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 290:plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 1, 67:et nunc magnopere censere, ut unam anum... triginta milibus talentum auri permutet (council of war),
Curt. 4, 11, 12:censeout D. Claudius ex hac die deus fiat (council of the gods),
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 9, 5: antiquos audio censuisse, ne (praenomina) cui ejusdem gentis patricio inderentur, resolved (family council), Gell. 9, 2, 11 (cf. Liv. 6, 20, 14).—With subj.-clause:4.nunc quoque arcessas censeo omnes navalis terrestrisque copias (Hannibal in council of war),
Liv. 36, 7, 17: censeo relinquamus nebulonem hunc, eamus hinc protinus Jovi Optimo Maximo gratulatum (assembly of the people), Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3.—With acc. neutr. of a pron. or adj. substantively used:5.ego pro sententia mea hoc censeo: quandoquidem, etc.,
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 11, 4:nec dubitavere quin vera censeret,
that his opinion was correct, Curt. 10, 6, 18.—Ellipt.:B.sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i.e. faciendam),
Caes. B. G. 7, 77 init.:ita uti censuerant Italici deditionem facit,
Sall. J. 26, 2; so Caes. B. G. 7, 75.Of the orders of persons in authority (cf. II. B.).1.Of commanders, etc., by courtesy, inst. of velle, imperare, or a direct imperative sentence.(α).With gerundial inf. - clause: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptus legatis quam maxime ad legem Corneliam decernendos, I said, not strictly as an order, but as an opinion that, etc. (Cicero as proconsul), Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—(β).With subj.-clause: arma quae ad me missuri eratis, iis censeo armetis milites quos vobiscum habetis, you had better, etc., Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 4. —2.Of an order by the people (rare;3.gen. populus jubet): ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset (i. e. confirmandum esse),
Liv. 21, 19, 3.—Of the later emperors, in their ordinances (censemus = placet nobis, sancimus, imperamus, from the custom of the earlier emperors, who conveyed their commands in the form of an opinion in the senate; v. II. A. 1.).—With inf.clause, ut, ne, and subj.-clause:C.sex mensium spatium censemus debere servari,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7:censemus ut, etc.,
ib. 12, 37 (38), 13:censemus ne, etc.,
ib. 12, 44 (45), 1: censemus vindicet, remaneat, ib. 11, 48 (47), 23:in commune jubes si quid censesve tenendum, Primus jussa subi,
Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.Of advice, given by one person to another (further development of III. A.).1.Ante-class. formula: faciundum censeo = I advise, with ut-clause, with quid, sic, etc.: censeo faciundum ut quadringentos aliquos milites ad verrucam illam ire jubeas, etc., I advise you to order, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6:2.ego Tiresiam... consulam, Quid faciundum censeat,
consult Tiresias as to what he advises, for his advice, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 80:consulam hanc rem amicos quid faciundum censeant,
id. Men. 4, 3, 26; id. Most. 3, 1, 23:sic faciundum censeo: Da isti cistellam, etc.,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 104:ego sic faciundum censeo: me honestiu'st Quam te, etc.,
id. As. 4, 2, 11; id. Ep. 2, 2, 91:sane faciundum censeo,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 38.—With ordinary gerundial inf.-clauses:3.narrandum ego istuc militi censebo,
I advise you to let the soldier know that, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 42:exorando sumendam operam censeo,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 22:quid nunc consili captandum censes?
id. As. 2, 2, 91; id. Mil. 5, 25; id. Most. 1, 3, 115:idem tibi censeo faciendum,
Cic. Off. 10, 1, 3:quos quidem tibi studiose et diligenter tractandos magno opere censeo,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 79; id. Fam. 12, 28, 2.—Sometimes by aequum censere with an inf.-clause (in the comic poets):amicos consulam quo me modo Suspendere aequom censeant potissumum,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 50: qui homo cum animo... depugnat suo, Utrum ita se esse mavelit ut eum animus aequom censeat, An ita potius ut parentes... velint i. e. as his mind prompts him, id. Trin. 2, 2, 29; cf. E. 1. b. 8.—With a subj.clause (so esp. with censeo in 1 st pers.): censen' hominem interrogem? do you advise me to ask the man? etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 20:4.tu, si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut... supersedeas hoc labore itineris (cf.: faciundum censeo ut, 1. supra),
Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 4:immo plane, inquam, Brute, legas (Gracchum) censeo,
id. Brut. 33, 125:tu, si forte quid erit molestiae te ad Crassum et Calidium conferas censeo,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:tu, censeo, tamen adhibeas Vettium,
id. Att. 2, 4, 7:quae disputari de amicitia possunt, ab iis censeo petatis qui ista profitentur,
id. Lael. 5, 17: tu, censeo, Luceriam venias: nusquam eris tutius, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 1; 8, 11, A:censeo Via Appia iter facias, et celeriter Brundusium venias,
id. ib. 8, 11, C: ad Caesarem mittas censeo, et ab eo hoc petas, Anton. ib. 10, 10, 2: sed hos tamen numeros censeo videas hodou parergon, Gell. 17, 20, 5:quam scit uterque, libens censebo exerceat artem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44 (cf. Liv. 36, 7, 17, and Gell. 4, 18, 3, quoted III. A. 3.).—Of an advice given to an adversary, with irony:cetera si qua putes te occultius facere posse... magnopere censeo desistas,
I strongly advise you to give up that idea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:sed tu, Acci, consideres censeo diligenter, utrum censorum judicium grave esse velis an Egnatii,
id. Clu. 48, 135:postulant ut excipiantur haec inexplicabilia. Tribunum censeant: aliquem adeant: a me... numquam impetrabunt,
id. Ac. 2, 30, 97:ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est,
Liv. 21, 19, 10:solvas censeo, Sexte, creditori,
Mart. 2, 13, 2.—And in jest:Treviros vites censeo, audio capitalis esse,
Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:hi Plebei fuerunt, quos contemnas censeo... qua re ad patres censeo revertare,
id. ib. 9, 21, 3:vites censeo porticum Philippi: si te viderit Hercules, peristi,
Mart. 5, 49, 13; so id. ib. 11, 99, 8; 12, 61, 7.—For ironical senatorial advice, by which the contrary is meant, v. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 52, 26, quoted II. A. 3.—With an ut-clause (with monere;5.very rare): illud tamen vel tu me monuisse vel censuisse puta... ut tu quoque animum inducas, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 2.—With a clause understood: quo me vortam nescio: Pa. Si deos salutas, dextrovorsum censeo (i.e. id facias or faciundum censeo), Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 70: quo redeam? Pe. Equidem ad phrygionem censeo (i. e. redeas), id. Men. 4, 2, 53:D.quid nunc censes, Chrysale? (i. e. faciundum),
id. Bacch. 4, 8, 112:ita faciam ut frater censuit,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 11:tibi igitur hoc censeo (i. e. faciendum): latendum tantisper ibidem, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 4: tu [p. 314] potes Kalendis spectare gladiatores, et ita censeo, id. ib. 16, 20:quid censes igitur? Ecquidnam est tui consilii ad? etc.,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: quid igitur censet (sapientia)? What is wisdom ' s advice? id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:scribi quid placeat, quid censeas,
id. Att. 9, 19,4:ibitur igitur, et ita quidem ut censes,
id. ib. 10, 15, 3:disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 3.Of opinions and views on general questions, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold (cf.: statuo, existimo, puto, aio, dico; freq. in class. prose; very rare in post-class. writers except Gellius; never with ut, ne, or subj.-clause).1.With inf.-clause:2.Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:Cyrenaici non omni malo aegritudinem effici censent, sed insperato,
id. Tusc. 3, 13, 28:(Hieronymus) censet summum bonum esse sine ulla molestia vivere,
id. Fin. 2, 5, 16:Aristoteles eos qui valetudinis causa furerent, censebat habere aliquid in animis praesagiens,
id. Div. 1, 38, 81:Pythagoras censuit animum esse per naturam rerum omnem intentum et commeantem,
id. ib. 1, 11, 27; so id. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 42, 131; id. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 3, 15, 49; 3, 19, 64; 3, 21, 70; 4, 7, 17; 5, 7, 17; id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 12, 29; 1, 13, 35 and 37; 1, 43, 120; 1, 44, 121; 2, 22, 57; 2, 16, 44; id. Sen. 12, 41; id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 10, 22; 1, 30, 72; 1, 45, 108; 3, 5, 11; 3, 22, 52; 4, 7, 14; id. Off. 1, 25, 88:Plato in civitate communis esse mulieres censuit,
Gell. 18, 2, 8; 14, 5, 2; 18, 1, 4; 19, 12, 6.—If the opinion refers to what should be observed, oportere or debere is used, or a gerundial predicate with esse (so in Cic., but in Gell. 7, 15, 3, without esse):oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 26:M. Varro aeditumum dici oportere censet,
Gell. 12, 10, 4; 14, 5, 2;so with debere,
id. 17, 5, 5; 13, 8, 4:Cyrenaici... virtutem censuerunt ob eam rem esse laudandam,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116:(Ennius) non censet lugendam esse mortem quam immortalitas consequatur,
id. Sen. 20, 73.—An inf.-clause understood:3.(dissensio est), a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur initium. Ego enim ab ultimis censeo (i. e. exordiendum esse),
Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque Nil est jucundum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 65:sic enim censuit,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117.—With neutr. acc. of a pron.: hoc amplius censeo, in addition to the opinions mentioned I hold, etc., Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2:4.nullo (medico) idem censente,
Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—With a rel.-clause:5.Aesopus quae utilia... erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit,
he imparted his teachings and views, Gell. 2, 29, 1.—Absol.:E.non adligo me ad unum aliquem ex Stoicis proceribus. Est et mihi censendi jus,
the right to impart my opinions, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2.In gen., = arbitror, puto, existimo, judico (cf.: idem enim valet censere et arbitrari, Varr. ap. Non. p. 519, 29: censere nunc significat putare, nunc suadere, nunc decernere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 54, 11 Mull.).1.To judge, think, believe, suppose (freq. in ante-class. writings; very rare in Cic. except in the particular meanings, a.—ironically—and d.; always with inf.-clause expressed or understood).a.In gen.:b.atque ego censui abs te posse hoc me impetrare,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 12 sq.:satis jam delusam censeo: rem, ut est, nunc eloquamur,
id. As. 3, 3, 141:nam si honeste censeam te facere posse, suadeam,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 60:neque ego hac noctem longiorem me vidisse censeo,
id. Am. 1, 1, 126:saluti quod tibi esse censeo,
id. Merc. 1, 35; so id. Am. 4, 3, 2; id. Most. 1, 3, 127; id. Pers. 1, 1, 9; 2, 2, 8; 2, 3, 75 sq.; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 2, 2, 33; id. Aul. 2, 4, 30; 2, 4, 36; id. Cas. 2, 8, 38; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 13: aut domino, cujum id censebis esse, reddes, Cincius, Re Mil. l. iii., de ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:eo namque omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant (consules),
Liv. 7, 32, 3:nec facturum aequa Samnitium populum censebant, si... oppugnarent,
id. 7, 31, 7:quaeso ut ea quae dicam non a militibus imperatori dicta censeas,
id. 7, 13, 8:at illa purgare se, quod quae utilia esse censebat... suasisset,
Curt. 8, 3, 7: Alexander, tam memorabili victoria laetus, qua sibi Orientis fines apertos esse censebat, id. 9, 1, 1; so id. 10, 8, 22.—With reference to an erroneous opinion, to imagine, suppose, falsely believe:c.censebam me effugisse a vita marituma Ne navigarem, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 108:omnes eum (sc. Jovem) esse (Amphitruonem) censent servi,
id. Am. prol. 122, 134:jam hic ero, quom illic censebis esse me,
id. ib. 3, 3, 14:ardere censui aedes,
id. ib. 5, 1, 15:ego hunc censebam esse te,
id. Men. 5, 9, 13; so id. As. 5, 2, 20; id. Aul. 3, 5, 55; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 14; id. Men. 3, 3, 32; 5, 9, 76; id. Merc. 1, 2, 87; id. Poen. 1, 1, 54; 3, 1, 60; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 2, 4, 31; 4, 7, 35; id. Stich. 4, 2, 24; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72 et saep.: censuit se regem Porsenam occidere, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. p. 4, 88:non ipsa saxa magis sensu omni vacabant quam ille... cui se hic cruciatum censet optare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107.—And ironically:nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum... censes superstitiosos fuisse,
Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 117:nisi forte etiam illi Semproniano senatus consulto me censes adfuisse, qui ne Romae quidem fui,
id. Fam. 12, 29, 2:neminem me fortiorem esse censebam,
Curt. 8, 14, 42.—Referring to what should take place.(α).With gerundial inf.-clause:(β).navis praedatoria, Abs qua cavendum nobis sane censeo,
Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 70:soli gerundum censeo morem,
id. Most. 1, 3, 69:neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 39; so id. Eun. 4, 4, 53; 5, 8, 42; id. Hec. 4, 4, 94; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 17:ceterum ei qui consilium adferret opem quoque in eam rem adferendam censebant esse,
Liv. 25, 11, 14.—With oportere, debere, or an ordinary inf.-clause:(γ).solam illi me soli censeo esse oportere obedientem,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 47:quibus declaraveram, quo te animo censerem esse oportere, et quid tibi faciendum arbitrarer,
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:rursus interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, agrosque suos pro alienis populandos obicere, to entertain the idea that they should direct that war against themselves and their own lands, etc., Liv. 21, 20, 4:munere eum fungi prioris censet amici = eum fungi oportere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:quae nos quoque sustinere censebat,
App. M. 11, p. 253.—By aequum censere with ordinary inf.clause, expressed or understood, either = it is fair ( right) to do something, or something ought or should be done (so very freq. in the comic poets and Livy; rare in other writers): non ego istunc me potius quam te metuere aequom censeo, I do not think it right to fear him, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 51: quid me aequom censes pro illa tibi dare? What do you think I should give as a fair price? etc., id. As. 1, 3, 76: meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, I thought it my duty that my mind should, etc., id. Trin. 2, 2, 27: ecquis est tandem qui vestrorum... aequom censeat poenas dare ob eam rem quod arguatur male facere voluisse? Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 3, 36:d.quis aequum censeret... receptos in fidem non defendi?
Liv. 21, 19, 5; so id. 24, 37, 7; 5, 3, 8; 22, 32, 6.—And without emphasis upon the idea of fairness or right:si sunt ita ut ego aequom censeo,
as I think they ought to be, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 55; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 87; 2, 3, 1; id. Merc. 3, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 1, 11; id. Ep. 4, 1, 29; id. Stich. 2, 2, 20; 4, 1, 42:qui aequom esse censeant, nos jam a pueris ilico nasci senes,
who believe that we should be born as old men right from childhood, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2; so id. ib. 5, 5, 11; id. Ad. 4, 3, 10:qui aequom censeant rem perniciosam utili praeponi,
Auct. Her. 2, 14, 22: (tribuni) intercedebant;senatum quaerere de pecunia non relata in publicum... aequum censebant,
Liv. 38, 54, 5:cives civibus parcere aequum censebat,
Nep. Thras. 2, 6.—Very freq., esp. in Cic., when a question, rhetorical or real, is addressed to a second person, often referring to erroneous opinions:e.an fores censebas nobis publicitus praeberier?
Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 7:clanculum istaec te flagitia facere censebas potesse?
id. Men. 4, 2, 47:hicine nos habitare censes?
id. Trin. 4, 3, 72:omnes cinaedos esse censes, tu quia es?
id. Men. 3, 2, 48; so id. As. 2, 4, 78; 5, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 41; 5, 2. 82; id. Capt. 4, 2, 66; 4, 2, 74; 5, 2, 16; id. Cas. 2, 6, 29; id. Men. 5, 5, 25: continuo dari Tibi verba censes? Ter. And. 3, 2, 25; so id. ib. 3, 3, 13; 4, 4, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 38; id. Hec. 4, 1, 32; 4, 4, 53; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 35:adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10:nam cum in Graeco sermone haec... non videbantur, quid censes in Latino fore?
id. Fin. 3, 4, 15:quid igitur censes? Apim illum nonne deum videri Aegyptiis?
id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:quis haec neget esse utilia? quem censes?
id. Off. 3, 26, 99:an censes me tantos labores... suscepturum fuisse, si, etc.,
id. Sen. 23, 82:an vos Hirtium pacem velle censetis?
id. Phil. 12, 4, 9; so id. Brut. 50, 186; 85, 294; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 fin.; 2, 4, 11; 3, 13, 27; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. N. D. 1, 8, 20; 1, 28, 78; 1, 44, 122; id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 54; id. Phil. 1, 6, 13; 4, 3, 7; 7, 4, 14; 11, 1, 3; 11, 5, 10; 12, 3, 7; 12, 6, 13; 12, 8, 21; 12, 9, 22; 13, 2, 4; 14, 4, 10; id. Att. 10, 11, 4:quid censes munera terrae?... quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore?
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 5 sqq.; so id. ib. 2, 2, 65; Lucr. 1, 973 (with obj.inf.).—With conditional period inst. of an inf.-clause:num censes faceret, filium nisi sciret eadem haec velle,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 46.—Sometimes censemus? is used in the same way as censes?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Off. 2, 7, 25; id. Fam. 4, 9, 2.—With an inf.clause understood: itane tu censes? Pa. Quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ergo censes? Tr. Quod rogas, Censeo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 7 sq.: quid illum censes? (i. e. eo loco facere?) Ter. And. 5, 2, 12:2.quid illas censes? (i. e. posse dicere),
id. Ad. 4, 5, 22; so Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 59; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 9; 5, 3, 21.—So, very freq. in the comic poets, censeo, absol., as an approving answer; also sic censeo, istuc censeo, ita censeo (Cic.) to be variously rendered: ego divinam rem intus faciam... So. Censeo, that will be right! Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 11: auscultemus quid agat: Ph. Sane censeo, so we will, indeed, id. Curc. 2, 2, 29: quid si recenti re aedis pultem? Ad. Censeo, do so! id. Poen. 3, 4, 18: quin eloquamur? Ag. Censeo, hercle, patrue, id. ib. 5, 4, 93: patri etiam gratulabor? Tr. Censeo, I think so (and after answering several questions with censeo): etiamne complectar ejus patrem? Tr. Non censeo. Pl. Nunc non censet quom volo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 6 sqq.; id. Ps. 2, 2, 69; id. Stich. 5, 4, 53; id. Truc. 2, 4, 73; id. Cas. 4, 3, 14; Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 27: male habeas! Mu. Sic censeo, Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 11: aliquem arripiamus, etc.: Ly. Hem, istuc censeo, id. Merc. 3, 3, 19 (cf.:prorsus ita censeo, referring to general questions, as in D.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23);once similarly censeas: Quid gravare? censeas!
Say yes, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 22.—To resolve, as a merely mental act, with gerundial inf.-clause (rare; cf. II. B.): quibus rebus cognitis, Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, resolved to hasten, lit., thought he must hasten ( = statuit, existimavit), Caes. B. G. 7, 56 init.:3.censuimus igitur amplius quaerendum,
Gell. 12, 14, 7.—To consider, i. e. after carefully weighing the circumstances, with inf.-clause (rare):4. a.sed cum censerem... me et periculum vitare posse, et temperatius dicere... ea causa mihi in Asiam proficiscendi fuit,
Cic. Brut. 91, 314.—With double acc.:b.quom dispicias tristem, frugi censeas (i.e. eum),
you would consider him thrifty, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2. 32:auxilio vos dignos censet senatus,
considers you worthy of help, Liv. 7, 31, 2:has... indagines cuppediarum majore detestatione dignas censebimus si, etc.,
Gell. 7 (6), 16, 6: cum Priscum nobilitas hostem patriae censuisset, judged, declared him the enemy, etc., Aur. Vict. Caes. 29, 4.—In the pass. with nom. and inf., = haberi (in Manil. and Gell.):5.praeter illas unam et viginti (comoedias) quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur,
Gell. 3, 3, 3:quae terrena censentur sidera sorte (i. e. esse),
are considered as being of the terrestrial kind, Manil. 2, 226; so id. 2, 293; 2, 653; 2, 667; 3, 96; so, sub aliquo censeri, to be considered as being under one ' s influence, id. 4, 246; 4, 705; cf. id. 3, 598 (with per).—To wish, with subj.-clause or ne (in App.):2.de coma pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim adferas censeo,
App. M. 6. [p. 315] p. 117:censeo ne ulla cura os percolat,
id. Mag. p. 411.censeo, ēre, = succenseo, to be angry: ne vobis censeam, si, etc., Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 24. -
11 circumfundo
circum-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., lit. to pour out around, i.e. as in circumdo, either with the acc. of that which is poured, to pour around; or, with the acc. of that around which something is poured, to surround with a liquid (class. in prose and poetry).I.Lit.A.With acc. of the liquid poured (with or without dat. of the object around which):B.amurcam ad oleam circumfundito,
Cato, R. R. 93:Tigris urbi circumfunditur,
surrounds, flows round the town, Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 132.— More freq. in part. perf. pass.:mare circumfusum urbi,
the sea flowing around the town, Liv. 30, 9, 12:gens circumfusis invia fluminibus,
Ov. F. 5, 582:circumfusus nobis spiritus,
Quint. 12, 11, 13:nec circumfuso pendebat in aëre tellus,
circumambient, Ov. M. 1, 12; imitated by Tib. 4, 1, 151.—Reflex.: circumfudit se repente nubes,
Lact. 4, 21, 1.—Once mid.: cum fervet (lac), ne circumfundatur, etc., pour itself out around, i. e. run over, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 126; cf.:circumfusa nubes,
Verg. A. 1, 586.—With acc. of the object around which, etc., with or without abl. of the fluid:II.(mortuum) cerā circumfuderunt,
Nep. Ages. 8, 7:terram crassissimus circumfundit aër,
encompasses, envelops, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:terra circumfusa illo mari, quem oceanum appellatis,
id. Rep. 6, 20, 21:et multo nebulae circum dea fudit amictu (tmesis),
Verg. A. 1, 412:quas circumfuderat atra tempestas,
Sil. 7, 723.—Transf. to objects that do not flow, esp. if there is a great multitude, as it were, heaped upon a thing.A.(Acc. to I. 1.) Mid., to press upon, crowd around, embrace closely, cling to (freq. in the histt.):(β).circumfunduntur ex reliquis hostes partibus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 37; 7, 28; id. B. C. 3. 63:equites infestis cuspidibus circumfunduntur,
Liv. 10, 36, 9; 25, 34, 9; 27, 19, 3;44, 23, 8: (Nymphae) circumfusae Dianam Corporibus texere suis,
surrounding, Ov. M. 3, 180:multitudo circumfusa,
Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Liv. 2, 28, 6; 4, 46, 6; Curt. 8, 14, 31; Quint. 4, 2, 37.—With the dat. of that upon which a multitude presses:circumfundebantur obviis sciscitantes,
Liv. 22, 7, 11; 22, 14, 15; 26, 27, 10;29, 34, 14 al.: circumfusa turba lateri meo,
id. 6, 15, 9: ut lateribus circumfundi posset equitatus. Curt. 3, 9, 12. —With acc. (depending on circum): Pacidiussuos equites exporrigere coepit... uthaberent facultatem turmas Julianas circumfundi, to surround, encompass them, Auct. B. Afr. 78 Oud. N. cr. — Poet. also of a single person: et nunc hac juveni, nunc circumfunditur illac, i. e. clings to, or closely embraces him, Ov. M. 4, 360; 14, 354; cf. with acc.:hunc (sc. Mavortem), tu, diva, tuo recubantem corpore sancto circumfusa super,
Lucr. 1, 40.—So once in the active voice, absol.:2.circumfudit eques,
Tac. A. 3, 46.—Trop.:B.undique circumfusae molestiae,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:non est tantum ab hostibus aetati nostrae periculum, quantum ab circumfusis undique voluptatibus, Liv 30, 14, 6: circumfuso nitore,
Quint. 4, 1, 59.—(Acc. to I. 2.) To enclose, environ, surround, overwhelm:2.circumfusus publicorum praesidiorum copiis,
Cic. Mil. 26, 71:praefectum castrorum circumfundunt,
Tac. A. 12, 38; so id. H. 2, 19; 4, 20; id. A. 13, 40; Plin. [p. 339] 5, 12, 13, § 67; Sil. 7, 306:circumfusus hostium concursu,
Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:M. Catonem vidi in bibliothecā sedentem, multis circumfusum Stoicorum libris,
Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7; Quint. 9, 4, 91, Curt. 3, 11, 4:amplexibus alicujus,
Vell. 2, 123, 3:X. milia Bojorum alio latere quam exspectabatur missis legionibus circumfudit,
Front. 1, 2, 7.—Trop.:cum has terras incolentes circumfusi erant caligine,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45:latent ista omnia crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris,
id. Ac. 2, 39, 122:ut, quantā luce ea circumfusa sunt, possint agnoscere,
id. ib. 2, 15, 46:eos stultitiā obruit, tenebris circumfundit,
Lact. 3, 29, 14:circumfundit, aliquem multo splendore,
Sen. Tranq. 1, 9. -
12 Commodus
1. I.Object., complete, perfect, of full weight or measure, fit, suitable, due, proper, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose;II.most freq. in Plaut.): statura,
a tall stature, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21:capillus,
id. Most. 1, 3, 98:viginti argenti minae,
full twenty, id. As. 3, 3, 134 (cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 144: minae bonae); id. Merc. 2, 3, 101:talentum argenti,
id. Rud. 5, 2, 31; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 266, 27:novem cyathis commodis miscentur pocula,
Hor. C. 3, 19, 12:alimenta,
Dig. 34, 1, 16, § 1:capitis valetudo commodior,
more firm, Cels. 8, 1; Quint. 6, 3, 77;and transf. to the person: vivere filium atque etiam commodiorem esse,
to be better, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4.—Subject., suitable, fit, convenient, opportune, commodious, easy, appropriate for some one or something, favorable, friendly to (in every period and species of composition); constr. with dat. or absol., rarely with ad (v. the foll.).A.Of things.1.With dat.a.Of the purpose or use:b.curationi omnia commodiora,
Liv. 30, 19, 5:nec pecori opportuna seges nec commoda Baccho,
Verg. G. 4, 129.—Of the person:2.hoc et vobis et meae commodum famae arbitror,
Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 9:quod erit mihi bonum et commodum,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 81:nulla lex satis commoda omnibus est (corresp. with prodesse),
Liv. 34, 3, 5:primordia eloquentiae mortalibus,
Tac. Or. 12:hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 85:quae sit stella homini commoda, quaeque mala,
Prop. 2 (3), 27, 4.—Absol.:3.hiberna,
Liv. 42, 67, 8:longius ceterum commodius iter,
id. 22, 2, 2; cf.:commodissimus in Britanniam transjectus,
Caes. B. G. 5, 2:commodius anni tempus,
Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 3:faciliore ac commodiore judicio,
Cic. Caecin. 3, 8:litterae satis commodae de Britannicis rebus,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 25:mores,
id. Lael. 15, 54:commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—With or without dat. pers. in the phrase commodum est, it pleases, is agreeable, = libet:4.proinde ut commodum est,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 8; 3, 1, 2: dum erit commodum, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 38:si id non commodum est,
id. Eun. 3, 2, 49; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33 Ascon.; 2, 2, 16, § 39; 2, 1, 26, § 65; 2, 3, 70, § 165; id. Div. 1, 49, 111; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87; Plin. Pan. 48, 1:id si tibi erit commodum, cures velim,
Cic. Att. 13, 48, 2; Cels. 4, 4; 4, 22.—With ad and acc. of purpose (very rare):5.nec satis ad cursus commoda vestis Erat,
Ov. F. 2, 288.—With sup. in u (rare):B.hoc exornationis genus... commodum est auditu,
Auct. Her. 4, 18, 26.—Of persons, serving a neighbor or (more freq.) accommodating one ' s self to his wishes, useful, serviceable, pleasant, agreeable, obliging, neighborly, friendly, polite, affable, gentle, etc.:III.mihi commodus uni,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 227:quemquamne existimas Catone commodiorem, communiorem, moderatiorem fuisse ad omnem rationem humanitatis?
Cic. Mur. 31, 66:commodior mitiorque,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 39:Apronius, qui aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:convivae,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 2; cf.:commodus comissator,
Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8; and:commodus meis sodalibus,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 1:homines,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 28:mulier commoda, Faceta,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 10; cf. id. And. 5, 2, 3.—In a double sense with I. supra:ubi tu commoda's, capillum commodum esse credito,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 98.— Poet., of the measure of iambic verse:spondeos in jura paterna recepit Commodus et patiens,
sharing the paternal rights with them, in a fraternal manner, Hor. A. P. 257.—Hence,Subst.: commŏdum, i, n.1.A convenient opportunity, favorable condition, convenience (rare, but in good prose):b.nostrum exspectare,
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1:cum tamdiu sedens meum commodum exspectet,
id. ib. 14, 2, 3;12, 38, 1: velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,
when it shall be convenient for you, id. ib. 12, 28, 3.—More freq.,In the connection commodo meo, tuo, etc., per commodum, ex commodo, at, or according to my, thy, etc., convenience, conveniently, at one ' s leisure:2.etiamsi spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus,
according to our convenience, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56:quod commodo tuo fiat,
id. Fam. 4, 2, 4; 1, 1, 3; id. Att. 13, 48, 1: suo commodo me convenire, Caes. ap. Cic. ib. 14, 1, 2:ubi consul copias per commodum exponere posset,
Liv. 42, 18, 3:tamquam lecturus ex commodo,
Sen. Ep. 46, 1; Col. 12, 19, 3;so opp. festinanter,
id. 6, 2, 14.—Advantage, profit (very freq. in all periods and species of composition):b.commodum est, quod plus usus habet quam molestiae: bonum sincerum debet esse et ab omni parte innoxium,
Sen. Ep. 87, 36 sq.:ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:ut ex illius commodo meum compararem commodum,
id. Heaut. 2, 4, 17; cf. id. Hec. 5, 3, 42; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 23:cui tam subito tot congruerint commoda,
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:(honestatem) ipsam suo splendore ad se animos ducere, nullo prorsus commodo extrinsecus posito, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7, 15 (IV. 2, p. 470 Orell.): sequi matris commodum,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 31:pacis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 335:contra valetudinis commodum laborare,
to the injury of health, id. Mur. 23, 47:mea,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 37:in publica peccem,
id. ib. 2, 1, 3; cf.:populi commoda,
Nep. Phoc. 4, 1.—Specif., a reward, pay, stipend, salary, wages for public service: veteranorum, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 3:c. d.omnibus provincialibus ornamentis commodisque depositis,
emoluments, id. Red. in Sen. 14, 35; Suet. Ner. 32; cf.:emeritae militiae,
id. Calig. 44; id. Aug. 49; cf. also id. Vit. 15; id. Galb. 12:militibus commoda dare,
Ov. A. A. 1, 131 sq.:tribunatus,
Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1:missionum,
Suet. Aug. 49.—A useful thing, a good:e.commoda vitae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; Lucr. 3, 2; cf.:cetera opinione bona sunt... proprietas in illis boni non est. Itaque commoda vocentur,
Sen. Ep. 74, 17:inter commoda illas (divitias) numeratis: atqui eādem ratione ne commodum quidem erunt,
id. ib. 87, 29. —Sometimes commodo or per commodum, adverb. antith. to that which is [p. 382] injurious, without injury or detriment:3.ut regem reducas, quod commodo rei publicae facere possis,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:si per commodum reipublicae posset, Romam venisset,
Liv. 10, 25, 17.—Concr., = commodatum, that which is lent, a loan:B.qui forum et basilicas commodis hospitum, non furtis nocentium ornarent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. Isid. Orig. 5, 25, 16.—Advv.:1.commŏdum, adv. temp. (only in colloquial lang. and post-class. prose writers).a.At a fit time, just in time, at the very nick, at the very moment, opportunely, seasonably ( = opportune, eukairôs):b.ecce autem commodum aperitur foris,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 61:commodum adveni domum,
id. Am. 2, 2, 37:orditur loqui,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 12:ipse exit Lesbonicus,
id. ib. 2, 3, 9: eukairôs ad me venit, cum haberem Dolabellam, Torquatus... commodum egeram diligentissime, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 47. —To designate a point of time that corresponds with another, or that just precedes it, just, just then, just now.(α).Absol.:(β).ad te hercle ibam commodum,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 3; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:Taurus, sectatoribus commodum dimissis, sedebat, etc.,
Gell. 2, 2, 2:si istac ibis, commodum obviam venies patri,
just meet, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 107. —With postquam or (more freq.) with cum in a parallel clause:2.postquam me misisti ad portum cum luci simul, Commodum radiosus ecce sol superabat ex mari,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41:quom huc respicio ad virginem, Illa sese interea commodum huc advorterat,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 52:commodum discesseras heri, cum Trebatius venit,
Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:emerseram commodum ex Antiati in Appiam, cum in me incurrit Curio,
id. ib. 2, 12, 2 B. and K. (al. commode); so with the pluperf. and a foll. cum, id. ib. 13, 19, 1; 13, 30, 2; 10, 16, 1; App. M. 1, p. 107, 15:adducitur a Veneriis Lollius commodum cum Apronius e palaestrā redisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 B. and K. (Zumpt, commode):cum jam filiae nostrae dies natalis appeteret, commodum aderant, quae muneri miseratis,
Symm. Ep. 3, 50. —commŏdŏ, adv. temp., = commodum, a., just in time, seasonably, just at this time (ante-class. and very rare): commodo eccum exit, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 177 P. (i. e. in tempore, Charis.): commodo de parte superiore descendebat, Sisenn. ib.: commodo dictitemus, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 174; cf. id. ib. p. 177.—3.commŏdē, adv.a.(Acc. to commodus, I.) Duly, properly, completely, rightly, well, skilfully, neatly, etc. (class.):b.suo quique loco viden' capillus satis compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97: commode amictus non sum, id. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 3:saltare, Nep. praef. § 1: legere,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 3; cf. in comp., id. ib. 9, 34, 1:multa breviter et commode dicta,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 9; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 20; 1, 2, 33 al.:cogitare,
id. Heaut. prol. 14:audire,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:valere,
Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11:feceris commode mihique gratum, si, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 3 fin.:commode facere, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 11, 7, 7; in comp.:commodius fecissent tribuni plebis, si, etc.,
id. Agr. 3, 1, 1.—In medic.:commode facere,
to do well, be beneficial, Cels. 4, 12.—(Acc. to commodus, II.)(α).Conveniently, suitably, opportunely, fitly, aptly, appropriately:(β).magis commode quam strenue navigavi,
Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1:ille satis scite et commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,
id. Fam. 11, 16, 1:vos istic commodissime sperem esse,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2:explorat, quo commodissime itinere valles transiri possit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 49 fin.:hoc ego commodius quam tu vivo,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 110; cf.:consumere vitiatum commodius quam integrum,
id. ib. 2, 2, 91; Quint. 6, 3, 54:cui commodissime subjungitur,
id. 9, 3, 82; cf. id. 4, 1, 76.—In a friendly manner, pleasantly, gently, kindly:c.acceptae bene et commode eximus,
Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 1; id. Poen. 1, 2, 190; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 48.—(Equiv. to commodum, adv. b.) Just, just at the moment when, etc.; only v.l. in the doubtful passages cited supra, commodum, b. fin.2.Commŏdus, i, m., a Roman cognomen; so L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus, Roman emperor, Lampr. Commod. 1 sq.; Eutr. 8, 15 al.—Hence,1.Commŏdĭā-nus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Commodus: horti, Lampr. Commod. 8:2.thermae,
Spart. Nigid. 6 al. —Commŏ-dĭus, a, um, adj., the same:3.Nonae,
Lampr. Commod. 12; cf. id. ib. 11.— -
13 commodus
1. I.Object., complete, perfect, of full weight or measure, fit, suitable, due, proper, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose;II.most freq. in Plaut.): statura,
a tall stature, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21:capillus,
id. Most. 1, 3, 98:viginti argenti minae,
full twenty, id. As. 3, 3, 134 (cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 144: minae bonae); id. Merc. 2, 3, 101:talentum argenti,
id. Rud. 5, 2, 31; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 266, 27:novem cyathis commodis miscentur pocula,
Hor. C. 3, 19, 12:alimenta,
Dig. 34, 1, 16, § 1:capitis valetudo commodior,
more firm, Cels. 8, 1; Quint. 6, 3, 77;and transf. to the person: vivere filium atque etiam commodiorem esse,
to be better, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 4.—Subject., suitable, fit, convenient, opportune, commodious, easy, appropriate for some one or something, favorable, friendly to (in every period and species of composition); constr. with dat. or absol., rarely with ad (v. the foll.).A.Of things.1.With dat.a.Of the purpose or use:b.curationi omnia commodiora,
Liv. 30, 19, 5:nec pecori opportuna seges nec commoda Baccho,
Verg. G. 4, 129.—Of the person:2.hoc et vobis et meae commodum famae arbitror,
Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 9:quod erit mihi bonum et commodum,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 81:nulla lex satis commoda omnibus est (corresp. with prodesse),
Liv. 34, 3, 5:primordia eloquentiae mortalibus,
Tac. Or. 12:hanc sibi commodissimam belli rationem judicavit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 85:quae sit stella homini commoda, quaeque mala,
Prop. 2 (3), 27, 4.—Absol.:3.hiberna,
Liv. 42, 67, 8:longius ceterum commodius iter,
id. 22, 2, 2; cf.:commodissimus in Britanniam transjectus,
Caes. B. G. 5, 2:commodius anni tempus,
Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; cf. Ter. And. 5, 2, 3:faciliore ac commodiore judicio,
Cic. Caecin. 3, 8:litterae satis commodae de Britannicis rebus,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 25:mores,
id. Lael. 15, 54:commodissimum esse statuit, omnes naves subduci, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11.—With or without dat. pers. in the phrase commodum est, it pleases, is agreeable, = libet:4.proinde ut commodum est,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 8; 3, 1, 2: dum erit commodum, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 38:si id non commodum est,
id. Eun. 3, 2, 49; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33 Ascon.; 2, 2, 16, § 39; 2, 1, 26, § 65; 2, 3, 70, § 165; id. Div. 1, 49, 111; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87; Plin. Pan. 48, 1:id si tibi erit commodum, cures velim,
Cic. Att. 13, 48, 2; Cels. 4, 4; 4, 22.—With ad and acc. of purpose (very rare):5.nec satis ad cursus commoda vestis Erat,
Ov. F. 2, 288.—With sup. in u (rare):B.hoc exornationis genus... commodum est auditu,
Auct. Her. 4, 18, 26.—Of persons, serving a neighbor or (more freq.) accommodating one ' s self to his wishes, useful, serviceable, pleasant, agreeable, obliging, neighborly, friendly, polite, affable, gentle, etc.:III.mihi commodus uni,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 1, 227:quemquamne existimas Catone commodiorem, communiorem, moderatiorem fuisse ad omnem rationem humanitatis?
Cic. Mur. 31, 66:commodior mitiorque,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 39:Apronius, qui aliis inhumanus ac barbarus, isti uni commodus ac disertus,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 23:convivae,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 2; cf.:commodus comissator,
Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 8; and:commodus meis sodalibus,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 1:homines,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 28:mulier commoda, Faceta,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 10; cf. id. And. 5, 2, 3.—In a double sense with I. supra:ubi tu commoda's, capillum commodum esse credito,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 98.— Poet., of the measure of iambic verse:spondeos in jura paterna recepit Commodus et patiens,
sharing the paternal rights with them, in a fraternal manner, Hor. A. P. 257.—Hence,Subst.: commŏdum, i, n.1.A convenient opportunity, favorable condition, convenience (rare, but in good prose):b.nostrum exspectare,
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1:cum tamdiu sedens meum commodum exspectet,
id. ib. 14, 2, 3;12, 38, 1: velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,
when it shall be convenient for you, id. ib. 12, 28, 3.—More freq.,In the connection commodo meo, tuo, etc., per commodum, ex commodo, at, or according to my, thy, etc., convenience, conveniently, at one ' s leisure:2.etiamsi spatium ad dicendum nostro commodo vacuosque dies habuissemus,
according to our convenience, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56:quod commodo tuo fiat,
id. Fam. 4, 2, 4; 1, 1, 3; id. Att. 13, 48, 1: suo commodo me convenire, Caes. ap. Cic. ib. 14, 1, 2:ubi consul copias per commodum exponere posset,
Liv. 42, 18, 3:tamquam lecturus ex commodo,
Sen. Ep. 46, 1; Col. 12, 19, 3;so opp. festinanter,
id. 6, 2, 14.—Advantage, profit (very freq. in all periods and species of composition):b.commodum est, quod plus usus habet quam molestiae: bonum sincerum debet esse et ab omni parte innoxium,
Sen. Ep. 87, 36 sq.:ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:ut ex illius commodo meum compararem commodum,
id. Heaut. 2, 4, 17; cf. id. Hec. 5, 3, 42; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 23:cui tam subito tot congruerint commoda,
Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 3:(honestatem) ipsam suo splendore ad se animos ducere, nullo prorsus commodo extrinsecus posito, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Aug. contr. Ac. 3, 7, 15 (IV. 2, p. 470 Orell.): sequi matris commodum,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 31:pacis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 335:contra valetudinis commodum laborare,
to the injury of health, id. Mur. 23, 47:mea,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 37:in publica peccem,
id. ib. 2, 1, 3; cf.:populi commoda,
Nep. Phoc. 4, 1.—Specif., a reward, pay, stipend, salary, wages for public service: veteranorum, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2, 3:c. d.omnibus provincialibus ornamentis commodisque depositis,
emoluments, id. Red. in Sen. 14, 35; Suet. Ner. 32; cf.:emeritae militiae,
id. Calig. 44; id. Aug. 49; cf. also id. Vit. 15; id. Galb. 12:militibus commoda dare,
Ov. A. A. 1, 131 sq.:tribunatus,
Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1:missionum,
Suet. Aug. 49.—A useful thing, a good:e.commoda vitae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87; Lucr. 3, 2; cf.:cetera opinione bona sunt... proprietas in illis boni non est. Itaque commoda vocentur,
Sen. Ep. 74, 17:inter commoda illas (divitias) numeratis: atqui eādem ratione ne commodum quidem erunt,
id. ib. 87, 29. —Sometimes commodo or per commodum, adverb. antith. to that which is [p. 382] injurious, without injury or detriment:3.ut regem reducas, quod commodo rei publicae facere possis,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:si per commodum reipublicae posset, Romam venisset,
Liv. 10, 25, 17.—Concr., = commodatum, that which is lent, a loan:B.qui forum et basilicas commodis hospitum, non furtis nocentium ornarent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 6; cf. Isid. Orig. 5, 25, 16.—Advv.:1.commŏdum, adv. temp. (only in colloquial lang. and post-class. prose writers).a.At a fit time, just in time, at the very nick, at the very moment, opportunely, seasonably ( = opportune, eukairôs):b.ecce autem commodum aperitur foris,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 61:commodum adveni domum,
id. Am. 2, 2, 37:orditur loqui,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 12:ipse exit Lesbonicus,
id. ib. 2, 3, 9: eukairôs ad me venit, cum haberem Dolabellam, Torquatus... commodum egeram diligentissime, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 47. —To designate a point of time that corresponds with another, or that just precedes it, just, just then, just now.(α).Absol.:(β).ad te hercle ibam commodum,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 3; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:Taurus, sectatoribus commodum dimissis, sedebat, etc.,
Gell. 2, 2, 2:si istac ibis, commodum obviam venies patri,
just meet, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 107. —With postquam or (more freq.) with cum in a parallel clause:2.postquam me misisti ad portum cum luci simul, Commodum radiosus ecce sol superabat ex mari,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 41:quom huc respicio ad virginem, Illa sese interea commodum huc advorterat,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 52:commodum discesseras heri, cum Trebatius venit,
Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:emerseram commodum ex Antiati in Appiam, cum in me incurrit Curio,
id. ib. 2, 12, 2 B. and K. (al. commode); so with the pluperf. and a foll. cum, id. ib. 13, 19, 1; 13, 30, 2; 10, 16, 1; App. M. 1, p. 107, 15:adducitur a Veneriis Lollius commodum cum Apronius e palaestrā redisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 B. and K. (Zumpt, commode):cum jam filiae nostrae dies natalis appeteret, commodum aderant, quae muneri miseratis,
Symm. Ep. 3, 50. —commŏdŏ, adv. temp., = commodum, a., just in time, seasonably, just at this time (ante-class. and very rare): commodo eccum exit, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 177 P. (i. e. in tempore, Charis.): commodo de parte superiore descendebat, Sisenn. ib.: commodo dictitemus, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 174; cf. id. ib. p. 177.—3.commŏdē, adv.a.(Acc. to commodus, I.) Duly, properly, completely, rightly, well, skilfully, neatly, etc. (class.):b.suo quique loco viden' capillus satis compositu'st commode?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97: commode amictus non sum, id. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 3:saltare, Nep. praef. § 1: legere,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 3; cf. in comp., id. ib. 9, 34, 1:multa breviter et commode dicta,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf. id. de Or. 1, 53, 227; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 9; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 20; 1, 2, 33 al.:cogitare,
id. Heaut. prol. 14:audire,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:valere,
Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11:feceris commode mihique gratum, si, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 3 fin.:commode facere, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 11, 7, 7; in comp.:commodius fecissent tribuni plebis, si, etc.,
id. Agr. 3, 1, 1.—In medic.:commode facere,
to do well, be beneficial, Cels. 4, 12.—(Acc. to commodus, II.)(α).Conveniently, suitably, opportunely, fitly, aptly, appropriately:(β).magis commode quam strenue navigavi,
Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1:ille satis scite et commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,
id. Fam. 11, 16, 1:vos istic commodissime sperem esse,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2:explorat, quo commodissime itinere valles transiri possit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 49 fin.:hoc ego commodius quam tu vivo,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 110; cf.:consumere vitiatum commodius quam integrum,
id. ib. 2, 2, 91; Quint. 6, 3, 54:cui commodissime subjungitur,
id. 9, 3, 82; cf. id. 4, 1, 76.—In a friendly manner, pleasantly, gently, kindly:c.acceptae bene et commode eximus,
Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 1; id. Poen. 1, 2, 190; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 48.—(Equiv. to commodum, adv. b.) Just, just at the moment when, etc.; only v.l. in the doubtful passages cited supra, commodum, b. fin.2.Commŏdus, i, m., a Roman cognomen; so L. Aelius Aurelius Commodus, Roman emperor, Lampr. Commod. 1 sq.; Eutr. 8, 15 al.—Hence,1.Commŏdĭā-nus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Commodus: horti, Lampr. Commod. 8:2.thermae,
Spart. Nigid. 6 al. —Commŏ-dĭus, a, um, adj., the same:3.Nonae,
Lampr. Commod. 12; cf. id. ib. 11.— -
14 consecutio
consĕcūtĭo (also consĕquūtĭo), ōnis, f. [consequor] (several times in Cic. as a philos. and rhet. t. t., elsewhere perh. only in late Lat.)I.In philos. lang., an effect, consequence:* II.ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,
has pleasure as a consequence, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37; id. de Or. 3, 29, 113:simplex autem conclusio ex necessariā consecutione conficitur,
id. Inv 1, 29, 45, id. Top. 13, 53 al.— Plur.:causas rerum et consecutiones videre,
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45.—In rhet. lang., the proper following of one thing after another, order, connection, sequence:III.verborum... ne generibus, numeris, temporibus, personis, casibus perturbetur oratio,
Cic. Part. Or. 6, 18.—An acquiring, obtaining, attainment ( = adeptio; eccl. Lat.); with gen. obj.:baptismi,
Tert. Bapt. 18 fin.:resurrectionis,
id. Res. Carn. 52. -
15 consequutio
consĕcūtĭo (also consĕquūtĭo), ōnis, f. [consequor] (several times in Cic. as a philos. and rhet. t. t., elsewhere perh. only in late Lat.)I.In philos. lang., an effect, consequence:* II.ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,
has pleasure as a consequence, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37; id. de Or. 3, 29, 113:simplex autem conclusio ex necessariā consecutione conficitur,
id. Inv 1, 29, 45, id. Top. 13, 53 al.— Plur.:causas rerum et consecutiones videre,
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45.—In rhet. lang., the proper following of one thing after another, order, connection, sequence:III.verborum... ne generibus, numeris, temporibus, personis, casibus perturbetur oratio,
Cic. Part. Or. 6, 18.—An acquiring, obtaining, attainment ( = adeptio; eccl. Lat.); with gen. obj.:baptismi,
Tert. Bapt. 18 fin.:resurrectionis,
id. Res. Carn. 52. -
16 diuturnus
dĭūturnus, a, um (diŭ-, Ov. F. 6, 352), adj. [diu], of long duration, lasting, long (class.; cf.:diutinus, longinquus): quid putet in rebus humanis diuturnum, qui cognoverit, quid sit aeternum?
Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf.gloria (opp. aeterna),
id. ib. 6, 21;opp. extremum,
id. de Sen. 19, 69:usus,
id. Lael. 22 fin.:injuria,
id. Fam. 6, 10, 5:bellum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 12 fin.:pax,
id. Rep. 5, 2; id. Prov. Cons. 3:quies,
Sall. C. 31:labor,
Caes. B. C. 2, 45 fin.:obsidio,
Ov. F. 6, 352:mala,
id. Tr. 4, 6, 50 et saep.:status rei publicae,
Cic. Rep. 2, 37; cf.res publica,
id. ib. 1, 26;2, 3: rex,
id. ib. 2, 12:non potes esse diuturnus,
i. e. your power, id. Phil. 2, 44, 113:dux,
experienced, veteran, Amm. 16, 2, 2.— Comp.:equae,
longerlived, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 11; cf.filia,
Ov. F. 6, 219; id. M. 3, 472:molestiae,
of longer duration, Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 3:impunitas,
Caes. B. G. 1, 14, 5:multa,
Plin. 7, 55, 56, § 188.— Sup.: poenae diuturnissimae, Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 23 init.—Adv.: diūturne, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5 Orell. (dub. al. diuturnam).— Comp.:diuturnius,
longer, Sid. Ep. 2, 14; 9, 9. -
17 exedo
ex-ĕdo, ēdi, ēsum (exessum, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 5), 3 (archaic praes. subj. exedint, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 32. Post-class. form of the praes. ind. exedit, for exest, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 10; Seren. Sammon. 7), v. a., to eat up, devour, consume (class.).I.Lit.:B.intestina,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 32:frumentum quod curculiones exesse incipiunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, [p. 682] 63, 1; Col. 1, 6, 16:serpens, qui jecur ejus exesset,
Hyg. Fab. 55.—Proverb.: tute hoc intristi;tibi omne est exedendum,
as you have cooked, so you must eat, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 4; cf.:tibi quod intristi, exedendum est,
Aus. Idyll. Prooem. 5.—Transf., in gen., to eat up, consume, destroy:II.deus id eripiet, vis aliqua conficiet aut exedet,
Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37:exesa scabra rubigine pila,
Verg. G. 1, 495:flammeus ardor Silvas exederat,
Lucr. 5, 1253:molem (undae),
Curt. 4, 2:apparebat epigramma exesis posterioribus partibus versiculorum, dimidiatis fere,
effaced by time, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 66:multa monumenta vetustas exederat,
Curt. 3, 4:exesae arboris antrum,
rotten, hollow, Verg. G. 4, 44:dens exesus,
Cels. 7, 12:exesa vis luminis,
consumed, Tac. H. 4, 81:urbem nefandis odiis,
to destroy, Verg. A. 5, 785:rem publicam,
Tac. A. 2, 27:quid te futurum censes, quem assidue exedent,
i. e. devour, consume thy property, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53. —Trop., to consume, prey upon, corrode:aegritudo exest animum,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 27; cf.:accedunt aegritudines, molestiae, maerores, qui exedunt animos,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 59; 1, 16, 51:illi beati, quos nullae aegritudines exedunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:maestas exedit cura medullas,
Cat. 66, 23 et saep.:exspectando exedor miser atque exenteror,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 1, 1. -
18 fiscalia
fiscālis, e, adj. [fiscus, II. B.], of or relating to the public or the imperial treasury, fiscal (post-class.):II.res fiscales quasi propriae et privatae principis sunt,
Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 4:jus,
ib. 2, 14, 42:debitores,
ib. 49, 14, 45, § 10: calumniae, complaints made for the advantage of the revenue, i. e. the fines resulting from which were to go into the treasury, Suet. Dom. 9:molestiae,
i. e. exactions for the treasury, Aur. Vict. Caes. 41:gladiatores,
maintained out of the emperor's revenue, Capitol. Gord. 3, 33:cursus,
Spart. Hadr. 7:vina,
given at the expense of the treasury, Vop. Aur. 48:pecunia,
Paul. Sent. 5, 27, 1:servi,
id. ib. 5, 13, 2.— -
19 fiscalis
fiscālis, e, adj. [fiscus, II. B.], of or relating to the public or the imperial treasury, fiscal (post-class.):II.res fiscales quasi propriae et privatae principis sunt,
Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 4:jus,
ib. 2, 14, 42:debitores,
ib. 49, 14, 45, § 10: calumniae, complaints made for the advantage of the revenue, i. e. the fines resulting from which were to go into the treasury, Suet. Dom. 9:molestiae,
i. e. exactions for the treasury, Aur. Vict. Caes. 41:gladiatores,
maintained out of the emperor's revenue, Capitol. Gord. 3, 33:cursus,
Spart. Hadr. 7:vina,
given at the expense of the treasury, Vop. Aur. 48:pecunia,
Paul. Sent. 5, 27, 1:servi,
id. ib. 5, 13, 2.— -
20 gaudenter
gaudĕo, gāvīsus, 2 (archaic perf. gavisi, Liv. Andron. and Cass. Hem. ap. Prisc. p. 868 P.), v. n. and a. [Gr. gaiô, rejoice, for gaWiô; cf. gavisus; root gau-; gêtheô, ganumai, etc.; cf. agauros, proud, agê, astonishment], to rejoice, be glad or joyful respecting any thing, to take pleasure in, be pleased with, delight in (of inward joy, opp. laetari, to show one's self glad, exhibit joy; cf.:(α).gaudere decet, laetari non decet, quoniam docendi causa a gaudio laetitiam distinguimus,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 66); usually constr. with an object-clause, quod, the abl., or absol.; less freq. with the acc., cum, quia, the gen., si, etc.With acc. and inf. or the simple inf.:(β).quae perfecta esse gaudeo vehementerque laetor,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136; cf.:quem tamen esse natum et nos gaudemus et haec civitas dum erit laetabitur,
id. Lael. 4, 14:salvum te advenire gaudeo,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 52:venire tu me gaudes?
id. ib. 2, 2, 7:quos sibi Caesar oblatos gavisus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 13 fin.:animus aliquid magnum agere gaudet,
Quint. 1, 2, 30; 2, 1, 5; 9, 2, 78:laudari in bonis gaudent,
id. 5, 12, 22:in domo vires remansuras esse gaudebant,
Curt. 10, 7, 15; Sen. ap. Quint. 8, 5, 18:iterare culpam,
Tac. H. 3, 11; Plin. Pan. 12, 4; cf.:motus doceri gaudet Ionicos,
Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; 3, 18, 15:laedere gaudes,
id. S. 1, 4, 78:spargere gaudes argumenta viri,
Juv. 9, 84.—With quod:(γ).sane gaudeo, quod te interpellavi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 1:gaude, quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 19:quod scribis te a Caesare cottidie plus diligi, immortaliter gaudeo,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; cf.:bonis viris quod ais probari quae adhuc fecerimus, valde gaudeo,
id. Att. 9, 7, 6.—With abl.:(δ).ipsa liberatione et vacuitate omnis molestiae gaudemus, omne autem id, quo gaudemus, voluptas est,
Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:correctione,
id. Lael. 24, 90:illis,
id. ib. 6, 22:aequitate justitiaque,
id. ib. 22, 82:hoc scientiae genere,
id. Off. 3, 33, 121:praeda ac populationibus, magis quam otio aut requie,
Liv. 22, 9, 5:scaena gaudens miraculis,
id. 5, 21, 9:equis,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 26:equis canibusque,
id. A. P. 162: rure, [p. 803] id. S. 1, 10, 45:pictis tabellis,
id. ib. 1, 1, 72:carmine (with delectari iambis),
id. Ep. 2, 2, 59:gaude sorte tua,
id. Epod. 14, 15; cf.:ille cubans gaudet mutata sorte,
id. S. 2, 6, 110:ero gaude,
i. e. at your master's return, Cat. 31, 12; Juv. 6, 74; 209; 379;7, 105.—Prov.: gaudet patientia duris,
Luc. 9, 403.—Absol.:(ε).tristis sit (servus), si eri sint tristes: hilarus sit, si gaudeant,
Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 6; 3, 4, 10:gaudebat, me laudabat,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 5:gaudeat an doleat,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 12:et irasci nos et gaudere fingimus,
Quint. 9, 2, 26:si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 6:de Bursa, te gaudere certo scio,
id. Fam. 7, 2, 2:admonebo, ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinant,
id. Tusc. 3, 21, 51.—With acc. (usually with homogeneous or general objects):(ζ).hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia,
Ter. And. 5, 5, 8; cf.: ut suum gaudium gauderemus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1; Cat. 61, 119:jam id gaudeo,
Ter. And. 2, 2, 25; cf.:gaudeo, etsi nil scio quod gaudeam,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 62:hoc aliud est, quod gaudeamus,
id. Eun. 5, 9, 11; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 63:quod gaudere posset, hoc fuit,
Ov. M. 12, 607: nunc furit tam gavisos homines suum dolorem, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:gaudent natorum fata parentes,
Stat. Th. 4, 231:tu dulces lituos ululataque proelia gaudes,
id. ib. 9, 724.—In pass.:ista pars gaudenda mihi potius quam, etc.,
Symm. Ep. 3, 29.—With cum, quia, si, in, etc.:B.quom gravidam et quom te pulcre plenam aspicio, gaudeo,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 49; id. Truc. 2, 4, 33; 2, 6, 35:quom tu's liber, gaudeo,
id. Men. 5, 9, 87:quia vos tranquillos video, gaudeo et volupe est mihi,
id. Am. 3, 3, 3: Er. Gaude. He. Quid ego gaudeam? Er. Quia ego impero. Age, gaude modo, id. Capt. 4, 2, 59:gaudes, si cameram percusti forte,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 273:mea Clotho et Lachesis gaudent, si pascitur inguine venter,
Juv. 9, 136:crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratris,
Lucr. 3, 72:in puero,
Prop. 2, 4, 18 (28):tibi gratulor, mihi gaudeo, te amo,
I for my part, as for myself, Cic. Fam. 6, 15; v. in the foll. the passage Lucr. 3, 145.—Like chairein of inanim. and abstr. things, to rejoice in, delight in any thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.nec tantum Phoebo gaudet Parnasia rupes,
Verg. E. 6, 29; 9, 48:postquam oleo gavisa cutis,
Stat. Th. 6, 847:umore omnia hortensia gaudent,
Plin. 19, 8, 39, § 131:rastris atque ablaqueationibus (myrrha),
id. 12, 15, 33 §66: addebantur et laudes, quibus haud minus quam praemio gaudent militum animi,
Liv. 2, 60, 3:oratio gaudebit occasione laetius decurrendi,
Quint. 12, 9, 2:(paeon) ante se brevibus gaudet pyrrhichio vel choreo,
id. 9, 4, 111; 10, 7, 16:(vites) Amineae pingui arvo maxime gaudeant,
Col. 3, 2, 16:id (sc. consilium, animus) sibi solum per se sapit: id sibi gaudet,
rejoices for itself, Lucr. 3, 145.—In partic.A.In sinu or in se, to rejoice within one's self or secretly, to feel a quiet joy:B.ut in sinu gaudeant,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51:qui sapit, in tacito gaudeat ille sinu,
Tib. 4, 13, 8 (cf.:in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,
Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30):tam gaudet in se tamque se ipse miratur,
Cat. 22, 17.—Like the Gr. chairein, as a word of salutation (pure Lat. salvere):Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere Albinovano Musa rogata refer,
take my greetings to Celsus, Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 1; so ib. 15.—Hence, gaudens, entis, P. a., joyful, cheerful (very rare):interea cum Musis nos delectabimus animo aequo, immo vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti,
Cic. Att. 2, 4, 2; Prop. 3, 14 (4, 13), 9; Stat. S. 4, 6, 55:si quis Forte coheredum senior male tussiet, huic tu Dic... gaudentem nummo te addicere,
with pleasure, gladly, Hor. S. 2, 5, 109.— Adv.: gauden-ter, rejoicingly (late Lat. and rare), Pseud. August. ad Fratr. Erem. Serm. 10 al.
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